PEMETAAN EROSI DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Keywords:
prediksi, erosi, USLE, SitubondoAbstract
Sebagian besar lahan di wilayah Kabupaten Situbondo, merupakan lahan sub-optimal kering. Prediksi erosi secara menyeluruh dan mencakup wilayah yang cukup luas diperlukan sebagai dasar perencanaan dan tindakan konservasi sumber daya lahan dan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengklasifikasikan Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) di wilayah Kabupaten Situbondo. Model USLE dan GIS digunakan sebagai tool utama dalam penelitian ini. Input data penelitian adalah peta digital, yang terdiri dari layer data hujan, jenis tanah, peruntukan lahan, dan data ASTER GDEM2. Adapun tahapan dalam penelitian meliputi (1) inventarisasi dan pengolahan data, (2) interpretasi faktor erosi (R, K, LS, CP), dan (3) menghitung dan mengklasifikasikan TBE. Faktor erosivitas (R) dihitung dari interpretasi data hujan tahunan. Faktor erodibilitas tanah (K) ditentukan dari analisis peta jenis tanah. Faktor panjang dan kemiringan lereng (LS) dihitung berdasarkan data ASTER GDEM2. Faktor pengelolaan tanaman dan tindakan konservasi (CP) ditentukan dari peta tata guna lahan. Peta tata guna lahan dihasilkan dari Peta Rupa Bumi Indonesia digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata laju erosi di wilayah Kabupaten Situbondo sebesar 73,37 ton/ha/tahun. Sekitar 65,60% dari luas wilayah Situbondo berada pada kelas TBE sangat ringan (0-15 ton/ha/tahun), 9,74% berada pada kelas ringan (15-60 ton/ha/tahun), 11,50% berada pada kelas sedang (60-180 ton/ha/tahun), dan 8,45% dari luas keseluruhan berada pada kelas berat (180-480 ton/ha/tahun). Hanya, sekitar 4,70% dari luas wlayah tergolong pada kelas sangat berat (>480 ton/ha/tahun).Upaya konservasi perlu direncanakan secara paralel dengan aktivitas peningkatan produktivitas lahan sub-optimal kering di wilayah Kabupaten Situbondo.
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