PENGARUH KONDISI TOPOGRAFI TERHADAP SEBARAN SUHU PERMUKAAN LAHAN
Studi Kasus di Hulu Sub DAS Cikapundung, Jawa Barat
Keywords:
aspek, elevasi, LST, NDVI, penginderaan jauh, slope, Sub-DAS CikapundungAbstract
ABSTRAK
Wilayah hulu daerah aliran sungan (DAS) merupakan area resapan air yang penting dalam siklus hidrologi. Sebaran suhu permukaan lahan (Land Surface Temperature/LST) dapat menjadi prediktor perubahan kondisi hidrologi. Sebaran vegetasi dan kondisi topografi di Hulu Sub-DAS Cikapundung dapat mempengaruhi sebaran LST. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan LST dengan kondisi topografi berupa elevasi, slope dan aspek melalui data penginderaan jauh. Nilai LST diperoleh dengan metode Mono Window Algorithm menggunakan citra multispektral Landsat 8 OLI, sedangkan sebaran vegetasi menggunakan metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dari pengolahan citra Sentinel 2A-MSI. Kondisi topografi dianalisis menggunakan DEMNAS. Analisis statistik korelasi dan regresi dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan LST dan kondisi topografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebaran LST berkorelasi negatif signifikan dengan NDVI, elevasi dan slope. Namun, LST tidak signifikan berkorelasi dengan aspek. Pengaruh elevasi terhadap LST pada bulan basah dan kering yaitu 41-45%, sedangkan pengaruh slope sebesar 26-31%. Karakteristik tutupan lahan melalui nilai NDVI juga mempengaruhi hubungan antara LST dan kondisi topografi. Elevasi rendah dan slope yang datar memperbesar ruang penerimaan radiasi matahari sehingga LST lebih tinggi. Tutupan lahan tegalan dan permukiman pada wilayah hulu DAS menyebabkan evapotranspirasi dan LST yang tinggi sehingga mengganggu fungsi hidrologi. Oleh karena itu, pemantauan LST dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi topografi sangat penting dilakukan terutama terhadap wilayah yang mengalami perubahan tutupan lahan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai basis data pemantauan kondisi hidrologi, perencanaan tata ruang dan antisipasi perubahan iklim di wilayah hulu DAS.
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